Somalia hosts some 3.86 million persons of concern to UNHCR, including over 39,000 refugees and asylum-seekers, mainly from Ethiopia and Yemen. Approximately 9,000 refugees have voluntarily returned (Jan 2020 - December 2023) to Somalia with UNHCR assistance, the majority coming back from Yemen, Kenya, Djibouti, and Libya. In addition, nearly 3.86 million people are also internally displaced in the country due to conflict, insecurity, and the effects of climate change, such as cyclical droughts and floods. Somalia continues to face multiple challenges, including political insecurity, conflict, and natural disasters such as drought, flooding, and locust infestation. UNHCR’s operational footprint in Somalia dates back thirty years. Today, UNHCR is present in eleven countrywide locations. Finding durable solutions for refugees and asylum seekers, refugee returnees, and IDPs, in collaboration with the Federal Government of Somalia (FGS), Federal Member States (FMS), and development, as well as humanitarian partners, remains a priority for UNHCR in Somalia.  To address the immediate needs of vulnerable IDPs and host communities affected by the conflict and drought, UNHCR continues to deliver lifesaving protection assistance. Furthermore, UNHCR will continue to support the Government of Somalia in drafting legislation that ensures the protection and rights of displaced and stateless persons in accordance to existing regional and international legal instruments. UNHCR is an active member of the Humanitarian Country Team and continues to (co)-lead the Protection, Shelter, and CCCM Clusters in Somalia.